WHAT THE HELL IS THIS MARKETING?

MARKETING

• Simply marketing is needs + wants of consumer in today scenario.
•      It is a communication of the value of a product or service to its customers.
• It can be looked as an organization   function or set of process for creating, delivering and communicating value to customers, and managing customer relationship in a way that suit both organisation and it\s shareholders or customer.
• A organization can operate their business by following approach :-

1. The production approach :- It includes producing of product as much as possible. This approach is deployed when there is high demand of product exists coupled with a good certainty that consumer tastes will not rapidly alter.
2. The product approach :- In this approach, firm is concerned with the quality of its own product. It assume that as long as its product was of a high standard, people would buy and consume the product.
3. The selling approach :- In this approach firm mainly focuses on the selling of product without determining new desires of consumers.
4. Marketing :- Today, it is the most common approah. It involve the marketing plans around the new consumer needs and wants.  for example a firm frist do market research to know consumer desires then use R&D to develop product with these qualities and then utilize promotion techniques to ensure persons know the product actually exists.
5. Holistic Marketing :- In holistic marketing, marketing is a complex activity and acknowledges that everything matters in marketing and a broad + integrated perspective is necessary in developing, designing and implementing programs and activities.

                   It is made up of four components:-

• Relationship marketing
• Internal marketing
• Integrated marketing
• Socially responsive marketing. 

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NATURAL TONIC - A CUP OF TEA

TONIC IN THE TEA CUP

• IF YOU ARE COLD, TEA WILL WARM U, IF U ARE HEATED, IT WILL COLD YOU. IF U ARE DEPRESSED, IT WILL CHEER YOU, IF YU ARE EXCITED, IT WILL CALM YOU.

• In the biting cold of winters, a hot stimulating cup of tea can do wonders. But there is much more to tea than just beating the cold. Tea is known to provide many beneficial health effects as well.
• Tea comes in various forms and categories. But all these teas come from the same tea plants "Camellia". The method used for processing the tea leaves distinguish each category.
• The major tea producing regions in the world include India, Srilanka, China, Japan, Turkey, South America, Kenya, Bangladesh and Indonesia.
• No matters what your age, tea delivers a multitude of health benefits that range from being cardio-protective, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-bacterial, anti-septic, and anti diabetic.
• It is also a good source of fluid besides being friendly to the teeth.
• Tea is an old home remedy for unsettled digestive systems.
• Tea has been used as a stimulant, astringent, diuretic and to improve human health in India, China and Indian folk medicine.
•  Fresh picked green tea leaves contain 75-80% moisture and 20-25% solids, which include compounds both soluble and insoluble in water,.
• Carotene, Vitamin E, Chlorophyll and cellulose are present in the tea leaves.
• There is more Vitamin C in one cup of tea than in an orange.

 

LUNGS : THE BREATH OF LIFE

LUNGS

"Is he breathing?" This is almost the very first question you ak when you fear the worst has happened and that a person may be dead. Spontaneous breathing is one of the most easily recognised signs of life. It is also the first act of the newborn; and it is a huge effort too, to take the first breath. But once taken, the process continues non-stop and rhythmically, till death. And our hardworking lungs are the organs we must thank for every breath we take whether awake or asleep.

  ANATOMY

• The respiratory system consists of the airways, the lungs, and the respiratory muscles that facilitate the movement of air into and out of the body.
• Humans have two lungs-- the right lung and the slightly smaller, left lung. These fill up most of the chest cavity. 
• The bony structure of the rib cage protects them from injury. 
• The lungs extend from just above the first rib down to the diaphragm, which is the muscular sheet separating the chest cavity from the abdomen.
• The lungs are spongy in texture.
• The trachea or windpipe carries the air towards the lungs.
• It divides into two just before reaching the lungs. This gives rise to the two primary bronchi, each of which enters one lung.
• within the lungs , bronchi divided into smaller tubes bronchioles. These are made up of alveolar sacs.
• Each sac contains about 20 tiny alveoli.
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BRAIN :- DON OF OUR BODY

BRAIN - THE SEAT OF INTELLIGENCE

• Humans are scientifically classified as the species "Homo sapiens" meaning "wise man". It is indeed the capacity for learning, language, emotion and abstract thought that distinguishes the human species from others. And the plinth for all that is the human brain.
• A human brain accounts for about 2% of the body weight. A full grown brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms.
• Though Almost all its constituent , nerve cells or neurons are already present, the brain weighs only about .5 kgs of birth.
• A human brain contains about 10-100 billion neurons and even more supporting cells named , glia. 
• At rest it consumes about 20% of the oxygen used by the entire body. More than 3-5 minutes of oxygen deprivation may result in serious damage to the brain.
• Human brains have twelve pairs of cranial nerves that originate directly from the brain.
• The brain looks like a large wrinkled walnut made of a greyish -pink, jelly like substance.
•                                                  
• It sits inside the skull, at the upper end of the spinal cloumn. The bones of the skull shield it from the injuries.
• The brain has three main divisions 

1. CEREBRUM
2. CEREBELLUM
3. BRAIN STEM         

FOOD CHAINS

FOOD CHAINS

• The transfer of food energy from the source in plants through a series of organism with repeated eating and being eaten is called a food chain.
• The animal being eaten is called the prey and the animal eating a prey is called the predator.
• There is a tremendous loss of energy at every link of the food chain. In a food chain , an animal passes on only about 10 percent of the energy it receives. About 90 percent of the potential energy is lost as heat.
• The shorter the food chain the more energy is available to orgainsms. Most food chains have no more than four or five links.
•  Food chains are of two types :

1. GRAZING FOOD CHAIN :- This begins with algae and other green plants and ends with a carnivore.
2. DECOMPOSER OR DETRITUS FOOD CHAIN :- This includes orgainsms such as fungi and bacteria that are largely responsible for decomposition.

LINKS OF A FOOD CHAIN

                                                     

1. Primary producer
2. Primary consumer
3. Secondary consumer
4. Tertiary consumer
5. Decomposer

PRODUCER :- Producers are called so because they can produce their own food. In terrestrial ecosystems, producers are usually green plants . Freshwater and marine ecosystems frequently have algae as the the dominant producers.

CONSUMERS :- Consumers depend on others for the food they eat. They may subsist directly on the primary producer or on other consumers.
                       since herbivores take their food directly from the producer level, they are called primary consumers. 

• Animals that eat only plants are called herbivores.
• Animals that eat only other animals are called carnivores.
• Animals that eat both plants and animals are called omnivores.

DECOMPOSERS :- Decomposers are organisms that speed up the decaying process and thus recycle nutrients. These break down non-living organic matter into inorganic matter. 
                  Decomposers help release minerals back into the food chain for absorption by the producers--- the plants.


FOOD WEBS :- One or more interconnected food chains form a food web. A food web is a more realistic and accurate representation of energy flow.  Most animals are part of more than one food chain as they eat more than one kind of food in order to meet their energy requirements.

                                                            

                                                      

PESTICIDES

PESTICIDES

Pesticides are basically substances used for preventing, destroying, reepelling or mitigating any pest. 

•              Pesticide is a general classification that includes insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, nematicides and rodenticides. 

 

• They have had a significant impact on agriculture as by destroying plant pests they help in increasing the crop production.
• However, pest organisms can become resistant against pesticides due to some mutation resulting in new strains of the pests, which could be more virulent and damaging to plants.

                                                             

• The term "pest"  also includes weeds, which by competing withe crop plants reduce their overall yield.
• An ideal pesticide is a substance whose action is specific to the target pest, which is harm less to all other members of the ecosystem and which is degraded to a harmless residue whenever its action completes.
• The development of such a model pesticide is still a very long way because commonly used synthetic phosphorous and chlorinated pesticides leave toxic residues and contaminate the environment, while the new natural pesticides are poised to be eco friendly.
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DNA COMPUTER

Think of DNA  as software, enzymes as hardware and put them together in a test tube. The way in which these molecules undergo chemical reactions with each other allows simple operations to be performed as a byproduct of the reactions. 

                                              
                         This idea of using DNA  to store and process information took off in 1994 when a California scientist first used DNA  in a test tube to solve a simple mathematical problem.  Later Israeli scientists devised a computer composed of enzymes and DNA molecules instead of silicon microchips. Now they have gone one step further. The single DNA molecule that provides the computer with the input data also provides all the necessary fuel.

                                               

• In general, the DNA computer looks like water solution in a test tube. DNA computing is in its infancy, and its implications are only beginning to be explored. But it could transform the future of computers, especially in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications .
• While a desktop PC is designed to perform one calculation very fast, DNA strands produce billions of potential answers simultaneously.

                                                 

• In speed and size, DNA computers surpass conventinal computers. This makes the DNA computer suitable for sloving "Fuzzy logic" problems.
• DNA computing research is going so fast that its potential is still emerging. Some scientists predict a future where our bodies are patrolled by tiny DNA computers that monitor our well being and release the right drugs to repair damaged or unhealthy tissue.